【文章标题】：America’s two largest school districts impose AI moratoriums
美国两大公立学区颁布人工智能禁令
【文章正文】：
America’s Two Largest School Districts Impose AI Moratoriums
美国两大公立学区颁布人工智能禁令
Chris Mills Rodrigo / Sep 5, 2026
克里斯·米尔斯·罗德里戈 / 2026年9月5日
When ChatGPT was released in the fall of 2022, the scale of the impact it could have on K-12 schools appeared obvious.
当ChatGPT于2022年秋季面世时，其对K-12教育体系的潜在影响已显而易见。
Not only could the chatbot fulfill many class and homework assignments in response to simple prompts, but children and teens had the digital fluency to adopt the technology much faster than their teachers.
这款聊天机器人不仅能根据简单指令完成课堂作业和家庭作业，青少年对数字技术的天然适应性更使其比教师群体更快掌握了使用技巧。
The New York City Department of Education was one of the first educational bodies in the United States to act on what many perceived as the threat OpenAI’s new product posed to schooling: in January 2023, it blocked access to ChatGPT on district devices and networks.
纽约市教育局作为全美首批对OpenAI新产品采取行动的教育机构，于2023年1月切断了学区设备及网络对ChatGPT的访问权限。
The nation’s largest school district made the decision shortly after the second largest, Los Angeles Unified School District, banned the chatbot in December 2022.
这项决定紧随全美第二大公立学区——洛杉矶联合学区2022年12月的禁令之后。
Other districts across the country soon followed suit, including Seattle, Baltimore, and Oakland, California.
西雅图、巴尔的摩和加州奥克兰等学区随即效仿。
The bans didn’t last though — by May of 2023, then NYC Public Schools Chancellor David Banks was ready to “embrace” the potential of ChatGPT, and in August of that year LAUSD Superintendent Alberto Carvalho said his system was looking into a more permissive use policy.
但禁令未能持久——2023年5月，时任纽约市公立学校总监大卫·班克斯表态准备”接纳”ChatGPT潜力；同年8月，洛杉矶学区总监阿尔贝托·卡瓦略宣布正研究更宽松的使用政策。
Yet this week, ahead of the start of the 2026-27 school year, these two districts are once again charting out a more restrictive approach to artificial intelligence than the majority of their peers.
然而在本周（2026-27学年开学前夕），这两个学区再次制定了比绝大多数同行更严格的人工智能管控政策。
On Wednesday, NYC banned student-facing AI in all K-8th grade classes, while allowing a limited set of approved tools to be used for high schoolers, for the upcoming school year.
周三，纽约市宣布新学年全面禁止K-8年级课堂使用面向学生的人工智能工具，仅允许高中生有限使用经批准的特定工具。
This new policy is significantly tighter than the guidelines the district had proposed in March, which instituted a stoplight system for judging AI risk that put almost all student use into the “yellow light” category, kicking use decisions to individual teachers.
新政策较3月提出的”交通信号灯”风险评估体系（将几乎所有学生使用列为”黄灯”级别，由教师自主决定）大幅收紧。
After intense backlash, the district pushed pause on that policy with Chancellor Kamar Samuels admitting the draft “missed the mark.” The district also paused software purchases over the summer.
在遭遇强烈反对后，学区总监卡马尔·塞缪尔承认草案”偏离目标”并暂停实施，夏季期间还中止了教育软件采购。
Later that same day, LAUSD officials announced the district was placing a one-year moratorium on generative AI use on its devices for all of its estimated 378,000 students in a move that caught even school district officials by surprise.
同日稍晚，洛杉矶学区宣布对约37.8万名学生实施为期一年的生成式AI设备使用禁令——这项连学区官员都感到意外的决策。
The district had passed restrictions on screen time for students earlier in the summer, but did not previously issue specific rules on AI.
该学区今夏早些时候曾通过学生屏幕时间限制令，但此前未专门针对AI制定规则。
The growing coalitions of parents, teachers, and students who have been pushing for more restrictive AI policies in schools in both cities celebrated this week’s announcements.
两地持续壮大的家长-教师-学生联盟团体对本周公告表示欢迎，他们长期呼吁加强校内AI管控。
At the Los Angeles AI committee meeting where the ban was announced, parents with the advocacy group Schools Beyond Screens had to edit their prepared speeches in real time.
在洛杉矶AI委员会宣布禁令的会议上，“超越屏幕教育”倡议组织的家长现场修改了预先准备的发言稿。
“We are asking our local institut — no, we’re thanking our local institution,” said Sandra Martinez Roe, according to LAist. “Thank you, LAUSD for setting an example and knowing that your obligation is to do so.”
据LAist报道，桑德拉·马丁内斯·罗伊表示：“我们原想呼吁本地机构——不，现在要感谢他们。洛杉矶学区树立了典范，尽到了应尽之责。”
The AI Moratorium (AIM) Coalition in NYC called the partial pause a “step in the right direction.”
纽约市”AI暂停令”联盟称部分禁令是”迈向正确方向的一步”。
The coalition of organizations featuring teachers, students, and parents launched last fall has been pushing for a complete moratorium on classroom AI for two years.
这个由教师、学生和家长组成的联盟自去年秋季成立以来，已持续两年推动全面禁止课堂AI。
“We have been overall very pleased with the steps that the mayor and the chancellor have taken around AI in schools with this new policy,” Kyle DeAngelis, a 3rd grade NYC public school teacher in Harlem and member of the AIM Coalition through a rank-and-file caucus of the United Federation of Teachers, told Tech Policy Press.
哈莱姆区公立小学三年级教师、通过教师联合工会基层会议加入联盟的凯尔·迪安杰利斯向《科技政策报》表示：“我们对市长和总监围绕校内AI采取的新政策总体非常满意。”
The coalition still has concerns with the policy they’d like to see addressed — including the creation of AI pilots in some schools, limited restrictions on staff use of AI, and a lack of metrics for evaluating tools — and hopes that a longer term policy is adopted through a democratic process that engages parents, teachers, and students alike.
联盟仍对部分政策存疑：包括某些学校的AI试点计划、对教职工使用AI的限制不足、缺乏工具评估标准等，期望通过家长-教师-学生共同参与的民主程序制定长期政策。
That new policy should include more restrictions for high schoolers, says Martina Meijer, a fourth grade teacher and member of the same UFT caucus as DeAngelis.
与迪安杰利斯同属教师联合工会的四年级教师玛蒂娜·梅杰强调：“新政策应加强对高中生的限制，当前忽视青少年需求极其危险——无论是AI聊天机器人特性、青少年心理健康危机，还是连成年人都依赖聊天机器人作为免费心理治疗的倾向。”
The nation’s two largest public school districts issuing such restrictions — albeit temporary and, in the case of New York, partial — on AI in classrooms is especially notable given that most school districts have previously shied away from forbidding use.
全美两大公立学区颁布课堂AI限制令（尽管纽约属部分禁止且均为临时措施）具有标志性意义——此前多数学区对禁用措施持回避态度。
The news is also indicative of bubbling grassroots opposition to AI, which has manifested itself in widespread data center backlash.
此事也折射出基层对AI日益高涨的抵触情绪，这种情绪此前已体现在对数据中心的普遍反对中。