【文章标题】：How the Tobacco Industry Drove the Rise of Ultra-Processed Foods (2025) 【文章标题】：烟草行业如何推动超加工食品的崛起（2025年）
【文章正文】： How the Tobacco Industry Drove Rise of Ultra-Processed Foods 烟草行业如何推动超加工食品的崛起
In 1963, a U.S. tobacco company bought Hawaiian Punch. It marked the beginning of the tobacco industry’s entry into the food sector and led to an explosion of hyperpalatable, chemically-engineered foods — and a dramatic rise in obesity. 1963年，美国一家烟草公司收购了Hawaiian Punch饮料品牌。这标志着烟草业进军食品领域的开端，由此引发了极度可口、化学工程食品的爆炸式增长——以及肥胖率的急剧上升。
Follow Berkeley Talks, a Berkeley News podcast that features lectures and conversations at UC Berkeley. See all Berkeley Talks. 欢迎订阅《伯克利访谈》——伯克利新闻推出的播客节目，收录加州大学伯克利分校的讲座与对话。查看所有往期节目。
In the early 1960s, R.J. Reynolds, one of the largest and most profitable tobacco companies in the U.S. at the time, wanted to diversify its business. Its marketing strategies had been highly successful in selling its top brands, like Camel, Winston and Salem cigarettes, and executives thought, Why not apply the same strategies to, say, the food industry? 1960年代初，当时美国最大最赚钱的烟草公司之一R.J. Reynolds希望拓展多元化业务。其骆驼、云斯顿和沙龙等顶级香烟品牌的营销策略大获成功，高管们想到：何不将相同策略应用于食品行业？
So in 1963, R.J. Reynolds acquired Hawaiian Punch. It marked the beginning of the tobacco industry’s entry into the food sector. 于是1963年，R.J. Reynolds收购了Hawaiian Punch。这标志着烟草业正式进军食品领域。
In the following decades, R.J. Reynolds and Philip Morris expanded aggressively into the food industry, acquiring major brands, like Del Monte, Nabisco, General Foods, Kraft and 7UP, where they produced hyperpalatable, chemically-engineered foods now known as ultra-processed foods, or UPFs. These products were marketed especially to children and other vulnerable groups. 此后数十年间，R.J. Reynolds和菲利普莫里斯公司大举进军食品行业，收购了德尔蒙、纳贝斯克、通用食品、卡夫和七喜等知名品牌，生产如今被称为”超加工食品”（UPFs）的极致美味化学合成食品。这些产品尤其针对儿童和其他易受影响群体进行营销。
In Berkeley Talks episode 229, Laura Schmidt, a professor of health policy in the School of Medicine at UC San Francisco, discusses how ultra-processed foods — like cookies, sodas, instant noodles, fish sticks and cereals — are a direct legacy of the tobacco industry, and are responsible for a dramatic rise in obesity, diabetes and other chronic diseases across the country. 在《伯克利访谈》第229期中，加州大学旧金山分校医学院健康政策教授劳拉·施密特探讨了饼干、汽水、方便面、鱼排和麦片等超加工食品如何直接承袭自烟草行业，并导致全美肥胖症、糖尿病等慢性疾病的激增。
“About 60% of the calories in Americans’ diets are from ultra-processed foods,” says Schmidt, who spoke at a UC Berkeley event in May. “In the mid-’80s, when we see ultra-processed foods starting to scale up in the American food supply, we also see obesity starting to really rise. That is the moment when some of the largest food companies are owned by tobacco companies.” “美国人饮食中约60%的热量来自超加工食品，“施密特在五月份伯克利大学的活动中表示。“80年代中期，当超加工食品开始在美国食品供应中扩大规模时，我们也看到肥胖率开始真正攀升。这正是部分最大食品企业被烟草公司控股的时期。”
This talk took place on May 5, 2025, and was co-sponsored by the Berkeley Food Institute (BFI) and Berkeley Public Health. It was moderated by Isabel Madzorera, an assistant professor in food, nutrition and population health at Berkeley Public Health and co-faculty director at the Berkeley Food Institute. 本次讲座于2025年5月5日举行，由伯克利食品研究所和伯克利公共卫生学院联合主办。主持人伊莎贝尔·马佐雷拉是伯克利公共卫生学院食品、营养与人口健康助理教授，同时担任伯克利食品研究所联合主任。
Watch a video of the event on the Berkeley Food Institute’s YouTube page. 观看活动视频请访问伯克利食品研究所YouTube主页。
Read the transcript. 阅读文字实录。
Listen to other episodes of Berkeley Talks 收听《伯克利访谈》其他期节目