【文章标题】:Mapped: Where Homelessness Rates Are Highest in the U.S.

【文章标题】中文:地图:美国无家可归率最高的地方

【文章正文】: Mapped: Where Homelessness Rates Are Highest in the U.S.

地图:美国无家可归率最高的地方

Key Takeaways:

关键要点:

  • Nearly 746,000 people experienced homelessness in the U.S. in January 2025, equivalent to roughly 22 people per 10,000 residents.

  • 2025年1月,美国有近74.6万人经历无家可归,相当于每万名居民中约有22人。

  • Washington, D.C. had the highest rate at 74 per 10,000 residents, followed by New York (73) and Oregon (64).

  • 华盛顿特区无家可归率最高,为每万名居民74人,其次是纽约州(73人)和俄勒冈州(64人)。

  • The national homeless population fell 3.3% in 2025 after increasing 12.1% in 2023 and 18.1% in 2024.

  • 2025年,美国无家可归人口下降了3.3%,此前2023年增长了12.1%,2024年增长了18.1%。

  • Homelessness rates vary widely across the United States, shaped in part by differences in housing costs, incomes, shelter availability, and local conditions.

  • 美国各地的无家可归率差异很大,部分原因是住房成本、收入、庇护所供应和当地条件的不同。

This visualization maps homelessness rates using

2025 point-in-time estimates

from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and Census Bureau population

estimates

.

该可视化地图使用了美国住房和城市发展部(HUD)2025年时点估计数据以及人口普查局的人口估计数据。

Where Homelessness Rates Are Highest

无家可归率最高的地方

The table below shows the number of people experiencing homelessness per 10,000 residents in each state and Washington, D.C.

下表显示了每个州和华盛顿特区每万名居民中经历无家可归的人数。

Rank

State or District

Homeless per 10,000 Residents

1

District of Columbia

74

2

New York

73

3

Oregon

64

4

Vermont

53

5

Hawaii

48

6

California

46

7

Washington

40

8

Massachusetts

40

9

Alaska

36

10

Nevada

30

11

Colorado

28

12

New Mexico

22

13

Rhode Island

21

14

Arizona

20

15

Montana

20

16

Maine

17

17

New Hampshire

17

18

South Dakota

16

19

Delaware

15

20

Minnesota

14

21

New Jersey

14

22

North Carolina

14

23

Missouri

13

24

Idaho

13

25

Nebraska

13

26

Utah

13

27

Kentucky

13

28

Oklahoma

13

29

Tennessee

12

30

Florida

12

31

Illinois

12

32

Maryland

11

33

Pennsylvania

11

34

West Virginia

11

35

Georgia

11

36

North Dakota

11

37

Ohio

10

38

Connecticut

10

39

Michigan

10

40

Indiana

10

41

Wyoming

9

42

Kansas

9

43

Texas

9

44

Wisconsin

9

45

Arkansas

9

46

Iowa

9

47

Virginia

8

48

Louisiana

8

49

Alabama

8

50

South Carolina

8

51

Mississippi

4

排名

州或特区

每万名居民中无家可归者人数

1

哥伦比亚特区

74

2

纽约州

73

3

俄勒冈州

64

4

佛蒙特州

53

5

夏威夷州

48

6

加利福尼亚州

46

7

华盛顿州

40

8

马萨诸塞州

40

9

阿拉斯加州

36

10

内华达州

30

11

科罗拉多州

28

12

新墨西哥州

22

13

罗得岛州

21

14

亚利桑那州

20

15

蒙大拿州

20

16

缅因州

17

17

新罕布什尔州

17

18

南达科他州

16

19

特拉华州

15

20

明尼苏达州

14

21

新泽西州

14

22

北卡罗来纳州

14

23

密苏里州

13

24

爱达荷州

13

25

内布拉斯加州

13

26

犹他州

13

27

肯塔基州

13

28

俄克拉何马州

13

29

田纳西州

12

30

佛罗里达州

12

31

伊利诺伊州

12

32

马里兰州

11

33

宾夕法尼亚州

11

34

西弗吉尼亚州

11

35

佐治亚州

11

36

北达科他州

11

37

俄亥俄州

10

38

康涅狄格州

10

39

密歇根州

10

40

印第安纳州

10

41

怀俄明州

9

42

堪萨斯州

9

43

得克萨斯州

9

44

威斯康星州

9

45

阿肯色州

9

46

艾奥瓦州

9

47

弗吉尼亚州

8

48

路易斯安那州

8

49

亚拉巴马州

8

50

南卡罗来纳州

8

51

密西西比州

4

The gap between the highest and lowest rates is substantial. Washington, D.C. records 74 people experiencing homelessness per 10,000 residents, compared with just four in Mississippi. Among states, New York ranks highest at 73, followed by Oregon at 64.

最高和最低无家可归率之间的差距很大。华盛顿特区每万名居民中有74人经历无家可归,而密西西比州仅为4人。在各州中,纽约州最高,为73人,其次是俄勒冈州,为64人。

High poverty rates do not necessarily correspond with high homelessness rates. Mississippi, Louisiana, and Alabama are among the poorer U.S. states, yet each records eight or fewer people experiencing homelessness per 10,000 residents. Housing affordability is an important part of the equation, especially as the

cost of securing a home

varies significantly across the country.

高贫困率并不一定对应高无家可归率。密西西比州、路易斯安那州和亚拉巴马州属于美国较贫困的州,但每万名居民中经历无家可归的人数均为8人或更少。住房可负担性是其中的重要因素,尤其是因为获得住房的成本在美国各地差异很大。

What Counts as Homelessness?

什么算作无家可归?

HUD’s point-in-time count measures people experiencing both sheltered and unsheltered homelessness on a single night in January. Sheltered homelessness includes people in emergency or transitional shelters, while unsheltered homelessness includes people sleeping in cars, encampments, abandoned buildings, or other places not intended for habitation.

HUD的时点统计衡量的是1月某个夜晚经历有庇护和无庇护无家可归的人数。有庇护无家可归包括住在紧急或过渡性庇护所的人,而无庇护无家可归包括睡在汽车、营地、废弃建筑或其他不适合居住场所的人。

However, the count does not capture everyone experiencing housing instability. People temporarily staying with friends or relatives, for example, can be missed, as can people in locations unknown to survey teams.

然而,这一统计并未涵盖所有经历住房不稳定的人。例如,暂时与朋友或亲戚同住的人可能会被遗漏,调查团队不知道的地点中的人也可能被遗漏。

Homelessness Fell in 2025, But Remains Elevated

2025年无家可归人数下降,但仍处于高位

The 745,652 people counted in January 2025 represented a 3.3% decline from 2024. However, this followed sharp increases of 12.1% in 2023 and 18.1% in 2024, leaving homelessness well above levels seen during much of the previous decade.

2025年1月统计的745,652人比2024年下降了3.3%。然而,此前2023年增长了12.1%,2024年增长了18.1%,使得无家可归人数远高于过去十年大部分时间的水平。

Housing affordability remains a central factor. The National Alliance to End Homelessness

highlights

shortages of affordable housing, low incomes, limited rental assistance, and weakened safety nets as major drivers. These pressures can be particularly acute for households already living near the

poverty line

.

住房可负担性仍然是一个核心因素。终结无家可归全国联盟强调,可负担住房短缺、低收入、有限的租金援助以及削弱的安全网是主要驱动因素。这些压力对于已经生活在贫困线附近的家庭来说可能尤为严重。

Veteran homelessness provides one example of long-term progress. The number of veterans experiencing homelessness fell from 73,367 in 2009 to 32,495 in 2025, a decline of roughly 56%. Researchers and service organizations also point to affordable housing, rental assistance, and healthcare as important tools for reducing homelessness.

退伍军人无家可归是长期进展的一个例子。经历无家可归的退伍军人人数从2009年的73,367人下降到2025年的32,495人,降幅约为56%。研究人员和服务组织还指出,可负担住房、租金援助和医疗保健是减少无家可归的重要工具。

Learn More on the Voronoi App

在Voronoi应用上了解更多

To explore the geographic divide further, see

Which States Have the Highest Homelessness Rates?

on the Voronoi app.

要进一步探索地理差异,请在Voronoi应用上查看“哪些州的无家可归率最高?”。