【文章标题】：Anthropic试图审查的诗集
【文章正文】： The 1930 poetry book that Anthropic tried to censor 这本1930年的诗集是Anthropic公司试图审查的对象
Intellectual Things by Stanley Kunitz 斯坦利·库尼茨的《智性之物》
Intellectual Things (1930) is Stanley Kunitz’s first book, published when he was 24. It has poems about the body, death, and the limits of reason. Kunitz was a lifelong anti-censorship activist, won the Pulitzer, and served twice as U.S. Poet Laureate. 《智性之物》(1930)是斯坦利·库尼茨24岁时出版的首部诗集，内容涉及肉体、死亡与理性的局限。这位终身的反审查制度活动家曾获普利策奖，并两度担任美国桂冠诗人。
This is the third Deep Cut Book Club Edition. Paying subscribers can download the free ebook using the button at the bottom of this issue. 这是”深度挖掘”读书俱乐部系列的第三辑。付费订阅者可点击本期底部的按钮下载免费电子书。
About Intellectual Things 关于《智性之物》
I chose Intellectual Things for the Book Freak Deep Cuts book club because the title caught my eye and because it entered the public domain this year. No copies exist on Project Gutenberg or the Internet Archive, but I found a scan of the first edition on Google Books and converted it to text. 我选择这本诗集加入”书痴深度挖掘”俱乐部，既因标题引人注目，也因它今年进入公有领域。古腾堡计划和互联网档案馆都未收录，但我在谷歌图书找到初版扫描件并转为文本。
The poems in the slim volume weren’t easy for me to understand on a first reading, but the structure and word choice were intriguing. I could pick out some of the ideas in the poems. To me, they seem to be about Kunitz’s struggle to come to terms with the fact that reason and logic can only go so far in understanding life and mortality. 这本薄诗集初读不易理解，但其结构与选词令人着迷。我能捕捉诗中某些思想内核——它们似乎展现了库尼茨对”理性逻辑在理解生死问题时存在局限”这一事实的挣扎。
Kunitz later told The Paris Review he had been writing under the influence of the seventeenth-century English metaphysical poets, John Donne and George Herbert, Gerard Manley Hopkins, William Blake, and Baudelaire. The title comes from Blake: “For a Tear is an Intellectual Thing.” 库尼茨后向《巴黎评论》透露，他创作时深受17世纪英国玄学派诗人约翰·多恩、乔治·赫伯特，以及杰拉德·曼利·霍普金斯、威廉·布莱克和波德莱尔影响。书名正源自布莱克诗句：“因泪水乃智性之物”。
After I read each poem, I ran it through Claude AI for an interpretation and an explanation of the obscure references. The explanations were helpful. Was it cheating to use AI this way? I don’t think so. I enjoyed reading each poem once or twice before asking Claude to supply its take. Its answers reminded me of the No Fear Shakespeare series, which puts Shakespeare’s original on the left page and a modern English interpretation on the right. I don’t think I’d be able to get through a Shakespeare play without hand-holding. (I included the AI interpretations of the poems in the back of the ebook.) 每读一首诗后，我都用Claude AI解析晦涩用典。这种辅助不算作弊——我先自行品读一两遍再寻求AI见解，其解读让我想起《无畏莎士比亚》丛书（左页原文右页现代译文）。若无引导，我根本读不完莎剧（电子书附录收录了AI诗评）。
About Stanley Kunitz 斯坦利·库尼茨其人
Stanley Kunitz was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1905. His two older sisters died young. His mother was a Jewish immigrant from Lithuania who came over at 23 and made a living as a dress designer and manufacturer. 1905年库尼茨生于马萨诸塞州伍斯特市，两个姐姐早夭。其母是立陶宛犹太移民，23岁赴美后以服装设计制造为生。
Six weeks before Stanley was born, his father, Solomon, killed himself in a public park in Worcester. His dressmaking business had gone bankrupt. Kunitz didn’t learn the details until he was a grown man and went to city hall and asked for the death certificate. “Age 39. Death by suicide. Carbolic acid.” 斯坦利出生前六周，父亲所罗门在伍斯特公园自杀身亡——当时他的制衣生意已破产。库尼茨成年后才从市政厅死亡证明获知详情：“39岁。自杀。苯酚中毒。”
Kunitz’s mother forbade Kunitz from mentioning his father. “She obliterated every trace of him,” Kunitz said. 母亲严禁他提及父亲。“她抹去了所有存在痕迹，“库尼茨说。
His mother believed she had thrown out every last thing belonging to her husband. But Kunitz found a pastel portrait of his father in the attic and brought it downstairs to show her. In a poem he wrote in 1969, called “The Portrait,” he recounted what happened: 母亲自认已销毁丈夫全部遗物。但库尼茨在阁楼发现父亲的粉彩肖像，拿下楼给她看。1969年诗作《肖像》记述了当时场景：
When I came down from the attic with the pastel portrait in my hand of a long-lipped stranger with a brave mustache and deep brown level eyes, she ripped it into shreds without a single word and slapped me hard. In my sixty-fourth year I can feel my cheek still burning. “当我手持粉彩肖像走下阁楼/画中长唇陌生人/蓄着英勇气派的胡须/双眸深棕而平和/她一言不发将其撕碎/并狠狠掌掴我/六十四年后的今日/我仍觉脸颊灼痛”
His mother’s censorship would profoundly affect Kunitz’s life trajectory. 母亲的审查彻底改变了库尼茨的人生轨迹。
Kunitz graduated summa cum laude from Harvard in 1926 and obtained his master’s the following year. He wanted to pursue a doctorate, but the English faculty told him he could not teach there because, as he later recalled, “Anglo-Saxons would resent being taught English by a Jew.” 1926年他以最优等成绩毕业于哈佛，次年获硕士学位。当他申请读博时，英语系直言犹太人不能任教——“盎格鲁-撒克逊人不会接受犹太人教授英语”。
“That really almost broke my heart,” Kunitz said sixty years later. “And I think in the end it probably did me a great favor, because it prevented me from becoming a completely preoccupied scholar.” He went back to Worcester and became a reporter on the Worcester Telegram. “这几乎击碎我的心，“六十年后他回忆道，“但最终成全了我——避免我成为钻故纸堆的学者。“他回到伍斯特成为《电讯报》记者。
The Librarian’s Bill of Rights 《图书馆员权利法案》
Kunitz later worked for the H. W. Wilson Company in New York, editing a magazine called the Wilson Bulletin for Librarians from 1927 until February 1943. 1927至1943年2月间，他在纽约H.W.威尔逊公司主编《图书馆员威尔逊通讯》。
In May 1936, he wrote an open letter attacking his own profession’s annual conference, which was being held in Richmond under segregation. “Negro librarians will be segregated thruout the conference; they will not be permitted to attend meetings where food is served,” he wrote. “If you permit this organized insult to pass unchallenged, there is but one conclusion to be made: that American librarians do not, in their hearts, care for democracy.” 1936年5月，他发表公开信抨击在里士满实行种族隔离的行业年会：“黑人馆员全程被隔离，甚至不得参加提供餐食的会议…若对此等公然侮辱保持沉默，只能证明美国图书馆员骨子里不认同民主。”
In October 1938, he ran an essay by Bernard Berelson called “The Myth of Library Impartiality,” which argued that a library should not be impartial when it came to favoring democracy over dictatorship. 1938年10月，他刊发伯纳德·贝雷尔森《图书馆中立性神话》一文，主张图书馆在民主与独裁间不应保持中立。
That year, the magazine’s letters column ran attacks on librarians, calling them reactionaries, and the argument caught the attention of Forrest Spaulding, who ran the Des Moines Public Library. Spaulding responded in a letter, saying, “Some of your readers 同年杂志读者来信专栏批评图书馆员是反动分子，引发得梅因公共图书馆馆长福雷斯特·斯波尔丁关注。斯波尔丁回信称：“部分读者…”