【文章标题】：Ranked: Countries With the Highest Senior Poverty Rates
【文章标题】：排名：老年贫困率最高的国家
【文章正文】： Ranked: Countries With the Highest Senior Poverty Rates
排名：老年贫困率最高的国家
Key Takeaways
关键要点
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South Korea has the highest senior poverty rate of any OECD country, with nearly 40% of seniors living below the poverty line.
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韩国是OECD国家中老年贫困率最高的国家，近40%的老年人生活在贫困线以下。
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The Baltic states have an average senior poverty rate of 30%, with Latvia ranking second overall.
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波罗的海国家的平均老年贫困率为30%，其中拉脱维亚总体排名第二。
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The U.S. ranks seventh, with 22.9% of people aged 66 and older living below the poverty line.
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美国排名第七，22.9%的66岁及以上人口生活在贫困线以下。
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Senior poverty differs significantly across OECD economies, with several countries reporting rates above 20% while others remain below 5%.
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老年贫困在OECD各经济体中差异显著，若干国家的贫困率超过20%，而另一些国家则低于5%。
This visualization ranks OECD countries by the share of people aged 66 and older living below the poverty line in 2023. The poverty line is defined as half the median household income of the total population, meaning the measure is relative to living standards within each country.
该可视化图表根据2023年66岁及以上人口生活在贫困线以下的比例对OECD国家进行排名。贫困线被定义为全体人口家庭收入中位数的一半，这意味着该衡量标准是相对于每个国家的生活水平而言的。
The data for this visualization comes from the OECD Income Distribution Database. It presents 2023 data, the latest available as of August 2026, covering OECD member countries as well as Bulgaria, Croatia, and Romania, which are currently in the accession process.
该可视化的数据来自OECD收入分配数据库。它呈现的是2023年的数据，这是截至2026年8月可获得的最新数据，涵盖OECD成员国以及目前正处于加入进程中的保加利亚、克罗地亚和罗马尼亚。
South Korea Has the Highest Senior Poverty Rate in the OECD
韩国是OECD中老年贫困率最高的国家
With 39.8% of people aged 66 and older living below the poverty line, South Korea stands out as the clear outlier among OECD countries.
39.8%的66岁及以上人口生活在贫困线以下，韩国在OECD国家中显然是一个突出的异常值。
The data table below shows the share of seniors who live below the poverty line in OECD countries:
下表显示了OECD国家中生活在贫困线以下的老年人比例：
| Rank | Country | Living Below the Poverty Line (%, Aged 66+) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | South Korea | 39.8 |
| 2 | Latvia | 34.3 |
| 3 | Croatia | 30.7 |
| 4 | Estonia | 29.8 |
| 5 | Lithuania | 25.9 |
| 6 | Costa Rica | 25.8 |
| 7 | United States | 22.9 |
| 8 | Bulgaria | 17.9 |
| 9 | Switzerland | 17.8 |
| 10 | Israel | 16.0 |
| 11 | Slovenia | 15.8 |
| 12 | Portugal | 15.2 |
| 13 | United Kingdom | 15.0 |
| 14 | Ireland | 14.8 |
| 15 | Germany | 14.5 |
| 16 | Spain | 13.1 |
| 17 | Austria | 12.3 |
| 18 | Italy | 12.3 |
| 19 | Romania | 12.3 |
| 20 | Greece | 11.5 |
| 21 | Poland | 10.9 |
| 22 | Canada | 10.1 |
| 23 | Hungary | 10.1 |
| 24 | Sweden | 7.3 |
| 25 | France | 6.2 |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 5.9 |
| 27 | Belgium | 5.4 |
| 28 | Finland | 4.8 |
| 29 | Slovakia | 4.7 |
| 30 | Netherlands | 4.6 |
| 31 | Czechia | 3.6 |
| 32 | Norway | 3.2 |
| 排名 | 国家 | 生活在贫困线以下（%，66岁及以上） |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 韩国 | 39.8 |
| 2 | 拉脱维亚 | 34.3 |
| 3 | 克罗地亚 | 30.7 |
| 4 | 爱沙尼亚 | 29.8 |
| 5 | 立陶宛 | 25.9 |
| 6 | 哥斯达黎加 | 25.8 |
| 7 | 美国 | 22.9 |
| 8 | 保加利亚 | 17.9 |
| 9 | 瑞士 | 17.8 |
| 10 | 以色列 | 16.0 |
| 11 | 斯洛文尼亚 | 15.8 |
| 12 | 葡萄牙 | 15.2 |
| 13 | 英国 | 15.0 |
| 14 | 爱尔兰 | 14.8 |
| 15 | 德国 | 14.5 |
| 16 | 西班牙 | 13.1 |
| 17 | 奥地利 | 12.3 |
| 18 | 意大利 | 12.3 |
| 19 | 罗马尼亚 | 12.3 |
| 20 | 希腊 | 11.5 |
| 21 | 波兰 | 10.9 |
| 22 | 加拿大 | 10.1 |
| 23 | 匈牙利 | 10.1 |
| 24 | 瑞典 | 7.3 |
| 25 | 法国 | 6.2 |
| 26 | 卢森堡 | 5.9 |
| 27 | 比利时 | 5.4 |
| 28 | 芬兰 | 4.8 |
| 29 | 斯洛伐克 | 4.7 |
| 30 | 荷兰 | 4.6 |
| 31 | 捷克 | 3.6 |
| 32 | 挪威 | 3.2 |
One factor behind South Korea’s high senior poverty rate is the relatively recent development of its public pension system. Established in 1988, the system left many of today’s oldest residents with limited time to accumulate sufficient pension entitlements.
韩国老年贫困率居高不下的一个因素是其公共养老金制度发展相对较晚。该制度于1988年建立，导致当今许多最年长居民积累足够养老金权益的时间有限。
South Korea’s senior poverty rate is also much higher than its overall poverty rate of 14.9%, while the child poverty rate is even lower at 8.5%.
韩国的老年贫困率也远高于其14.9%的总体贫困率，而儿童贫困率更低，为8.5%。
South Korea’s senior poverty rate is 5.5 percentage points higher than Latvia’s, the next-highest country in the ranking.
韩国的老年贫困率比排名第二的拉脱维亚高出5.5个百分点。
Baltic Countries Rank Near the Top
波罗的海国家排名靠前
Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania all appear near the top of the ranking.
拉脱维亚、爱沙尼亚和立陶宛都出现在排名靠前的位置。
An average of 30% of seniors in the three Baltic states live below the poverty line, well above the 14.8% average across the 32 countries in the dataset.
这三个波罗的海国家平均有30%的老年人生活在贫困线以下，远高于数据集中32个国家14.8%的平均水平。
Latvia ranks second overall at 34.3%, while Estonia ranks fourth at 29.8% and Lithuania ranks fifth at 25.9%.
拉脱维亚以34.3%的比例总体排名第二，爱沙尼亚以29.8%排名第四，立陶宛以25.9%排名第五。
More Than One in Five American Seniors Lives in Poverty
超过五分之一的美国老年人生活在贫困中
The United States had the seventh-highest senior poverty rate among OECD countries at 22.9%, placing it between Costa Rica and Bulgaria in the ranking.
美国在OECD国家中的老年贫困率排名第七，为22.9%，在排名中位于哥斯达黎加和保加利亚之间。
Despite the country’s high overall wealth, more than one in five U.S. seniors lived in households with incomes below half the national median. Poverty rates in the U.S. also vary significantly by state.
尽管美国总体财富水平很高，但超过五分之一的美国老年人生活在收入低于全国中位数一半的家庭中。美国各州的贫困率也差异显著。
At 22.9%, the U.S. rate is roughly eight percentage points above the 14.8% average across the 32 countries in the dataset. It is also higher than the rates in the UK (15.0%), Germany (14.5%), Italy (12.3%), and the other G7 countries shown.
22.9%的美国老年贫困率比数据集中32个国家14.8%的平均水平高出约8个百分点。它也高于英国（15.0%）、德国（14.5%）、意大利（12.3%）以及所示其他七国集团国家的比率。
Senior Poverty Rates Are Below 5% in Several OECD Countries
若干OECD国家的老年贫困率低于5%
At the other end of the ranking, five countries had senior poverty rates below 5%. Norway had the lowest rate at 3.2%, followed by Czechia at 3.6%, the Netherlands at 4.6%, and Slovakia at 4.7%.
在排名的另一端，有五个国家的老年贫困率低于5%。挪威的比率最低，为3.2%，其次是捷克（3.6%）、荷兰（4.6%）和斯洛伐克（4.7%）。
South Korea’s 39.8% senior poverty rate was more than 12 times Norway’s 3.2%. Seven countries in the ranking had rates above 20%, while nine had rates below 8%.
韩国39.8%的老年贫困率是挪威3.2%的12倍以上。排名中有七个国家的比率超过20%，而有九个国家的比率低于8%。
Because the OECD measure is relative to each country’s median income, these differences reflect how seniors fare within their own national income distribution rather than absolute differences in living standards between countries.
由于OECD的衡量标准是相对于每个国家的收入中位数而言的，这些差异反映的是老年人在本国收入分配中的状况，而不是国家之间生活水平的绝对差异。
Learn More on the Voronoi App
在Voronoi应用上了解更多
If you found this topic interesting, read Working Hours Needed to Exit Poverty in OECD Countries on Voronoi.
如果您觉得这个话题有趣，请在Voronoi上阅读《OECD国家摆脱贫困所需的工作时长》。