【文章标题】：Ranked: Military Spending in OECD Countries in 2025
【文章标题翻译】：排名：2025年经合组织国家军费开支
【文章正文】：
Ranked: Military Spending in OECD Countries in 2025
排名：2025年经合组织国家军费开支
Key Takeaways
关键要点
-
Israel’s military spending as a share of GDP was the highest among OECD countries in 2025, at 7.8%.
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2025年，以色列的军费开支占GDP比重在经合组织国家中最高，为7.8%。
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Military spending increased in 28 of the 33 OECD countries shown compared with their 2015–2022 averages.
-
与2015–2022年的平均水平相比，所列33个经合组织国家中有28个军费开支有所增加。
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Two NATO members have already exceeded the 2035 target of allocating 3.5% of GDP to core defense.
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两个北约成员国已经超过了2035年将GDP的3.5%用于核心防务的目标。
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Military spending has risen sharply across many OECD countries since 2022, with defense budgets growing relative to the size of their economies.
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自2022年以来，许多经合组织国家的军费开支急剧上升，防务预算相对于其经济规模不断增长。
This visualization ranks OECD countries by military spending as a share of GDP in 2025, compared with their 2015–2022 averages, using data from the
OECD
.
该可视化图表根据经合组织的数据，按2025年军费开支占GDP比重对经合组织国家进行排名，并与2015–2022年的平均水平进行比较。
The comparison highlights how defense priorities have shifted amid Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, heightened security concerns in Europe, and mounting U.S. pressure on NATO allies to increase defense spending.
这一比较凸显了在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰、欧洲安全担忧加剧以及美国不断施压北约盟友增加防务开支的背景下，防务优先事项发生了怎样的转变。
Israel Leads OECD Military Spending Relative to GDP
以色列军费开支占GDP比重居经合组织之首
Measured as a share of GDP, Israel had the highest military spending among OECD countries in 2025, at 7.81%. This was up from an average of 5.01% between 2015 and 2022, marking the largest increase in the dataset at 2.8 percentage points.
按占GDP比重衡量，2025年以色列的军费开支在经合组织国家中最高，为7.81%。这高于2015年至2022年间5.01%的平均水平，增幅达2.8个百分点，为数据集中最大增幅。
Driven in part by its involvement in intensifying, multi-front conflicts in the Middle East, Israel’s spending increase came from an already-high baseline. Even before 2025, its average military spending was higher than that of every other OECD country shown in the dataset.
以色列军费开支的增长部分源于其在中东不断升级的多线冲突中的参与，且其增长是在本已很高的基数上实现的。即使在2025年之前，其平均军费开支也高于数据集中所示的其他所有经合组织国家。
The following data table ranks OECD countries by military spending as a share of GDP in 2025 compared with their 2015–2022 averages.
下表按2025年军费开支占GDP比重对经合组织国家进行排名，并与2015–2022年的平均水平进行比较。
Rank
Country
Military Spending (% of GDP)
2015-2022
2025
1
Israel
5.01
7.81
2
Poland
2.08
4.50
3
Latvia
1.89
3.61
4
Estonia
2.05
3.37
5
Norway
1.69
3.28
6
Denmark
1.25
3.25
7
Colombia
3.14
3.20
8
United States
3.40
3.12
9
Lithuania
1.85
3.08
10
Greece
2.97
2.99
11
South Korea
2.47
2.60
12
Finland
1.41
2.57
13
Sweden
1.13
2.47
14
United Kingdom
2.00
2.35
15
Germany
1.22
2.27
16
Netherlands
1.25
2.19
17
Spain
1.28
2.13
18
Hungary
1.29
2.04
19
Slovakia
1.44
2.03
20
France
1.90
2.03
21
Belgium
0.96
2.01
22
Australia
1.95
1.92
23
Türkiye
2.08
1.91
24
Italy
1.40
1.89
25
Czechia
1.13
1.84
26
Portugal
1.46
1.71
27
Canada
1.23
1.63
28
Slovenia
1.08
1.54
29
Chile
1.85
1.52
30
Japan
0.95
1.41
31
New Zealand
1.14
1.10
32
Luxembourg
0.40
0.85
33
Mexico
0.55
0.74
排名
国家
军费开支（占GDP百分比）
2015-2022
2025
1
以色列
5.01
7.81
2
波兰
2.08
4.50
3
拉脱维亚
1.89
3.61
4
爱沙尼亚
2.05
3.37
5
挪威
1.69
3.28
6
丹麦
1.25
3.25
7
哥伦比亚
3.14
3.20
8
美国
3.40
3.12
9
立陶宛
1.85
3.08
10
希腊
2.97
2.99
11
韩国
2.47
2.60
12
芬兰
1.41
2.57
13
瑞典
1.13
2.47
14
英国
2.00
2.35
15
德国
1.22
2.27
16
荷兰
1.25
2.19
17
西班牙
1.28
2.13
18
匈牙利
1.29
2.04
19
斯洛伐克
1.44
2.03
20
法国
1.90
2.03
21
比利时
0.96
2.01
22
澳大利亚
1.95
1.92
23
土耳其
2.08
1.91
24
意大利
1.40
1.89
25
捷克
1.13
1.84
26
葡萄牙
1.46
1.71
27
加拿大
1.23
1.63
28
斯洛文尼亚
1.08
1.54
29
智利
1.85
1.52
30
日本
0.95
1.41
31
新西兰
1.14
1.10
32
卢森堡
0.40
0.85
33
墨西哥
0.55
0.74
When measured in absolute terms, however, Israel’s military spending ranks much lower. In a
global ranking of military spending
, Israel’s 2025 spending of $48 billion puts the country in 11th place, accounting for 1.67% of total global military expenditure.
然而，按绝对数额衡量，以色列的军费开支排名要低得多。在全球军费开支排名中，以色列2025年的军费开支为480亿美元，位列第11位，占全球军费总支出的1.67%。
Poland and Latvia Clear NATO’s 3.5% Defense Spending Threshold
波兰和拉脱维亚超过北约3.5%的防务开支门槛
Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 26 of which are also OECD countries, have pledged to spend 5% of GDP on defense and security-related priorities by 2035, including 3.5% on core defense. As of 2025, two NATO members had already exceeded the 3.5% threshold: Poland and Latvia.
北大西洋公约组织（NATO）成员国——其中26个同时也是经合组织国家——已承诺到2035年将GDP的5%用于防务和安全相关优先事项，其中3.5%用于核心防务。截至2025年，两个北约成员国已经超过了3.5%的门槛：波兰和拉脱维亚。
Poland, which shares borders with Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia’s Kaliningrad exclave, increased its defense spending from a 2015–2022 average of 2.08% to 4.5% of GDP in 2025 as it strengthened military preparedness and modernization.
波兰与乌克兰、白俄罗斯以及俄罗斯的加里宁格勒飞地接壤，在加强军事战备和现代化的过程中，其防务开支从2015–2022年平均占GDP的2.08%提高到2025年的4.5%。
That made Poland the second-highest military spender by share of GDP among OECD countries and the highest among NATO members in 2025.
这使得波兰成为2025年经合组织国家中按GDP占比计算的第二大军费开支国，也是北约成员国中军费开支占比最高的国家。
Latvia, which ranked third, also sharply increased its military spending to 3.6% of GDP in 2025, up from a 2015–2022 average of 1.9%. The country, which shares borders with Russia and Belarus, also
reinstated conscription in 2023
to address a shortage of military personnel.
排名第三的拉脱维亚也大幅增加了军费开支，2025年达到GDP的3.6%，高于2015–2022年1.9%的平均水平。该国与俄罗斯和白俄罗斯接壤，并于2023年恢复了征兵制，以解决军事人员短缺问题。
Several other members of both NATO and the OECD were close to reaching the 3.5% defense spending goal in 2025. Estonia spent 3.4% of GDP, while Norway and Denmark each spent 3.3%, ranking fourth, fifth, and sixth, respectively.
其他几个同时是北约和经合组织成员国的国家在2025年也接近达到3.5%的防务开支目标。爱沙尼亚的军费开支占GDP的3.4%，挪威和丹麦各占3.3%，分别排名第四、第五和第六。
Defense Spending Decreased in Five OECD Countries
五个经合组织国家的防务开支下降
Across the 33 OECD countries in the dataset, the average military spending share rose from 1.7% of GDP in 2015–2022 to 2.5% in 2025.
在数据集中的33个经合组织国家中，平均军费开支占比从2015–2022年的GDP的1.7%上升到2025年的2.5%。
Despite the broader increase, five countries spent a smaller share of GDP on their militaries in 2025 than their 2015–2022 averages: Chile, the United States, Türkiye, New Zealand, and Australia.
尽管整体有所增长，但有五个国家2025年的军费开支占GDP比重低于其2015–2022年的平均水平：智利、美国、土耳其、新西兰和澳大利亚。
The U.S. stands out because it remained the world’s largest military spender in absolute terms—at $954 billion, or roughly one-third of total global military expenditure that year.
美国之所以突出，是因为按绝对数额计算，它仍然是全球最大的军费开支国——2025年军费开支为9540亿美元，约占当年全球军费总支出的三分之一。
Compared with 2024,
U.S. military spending
also declined by 7.5% in 2025.
与2024年相比，2025年美国军费开支也下降了7.5%。
At the bottom of the ranking, Mexico and Luxembourg spent just 0.7% and 0.9% of GDP, respectively. They were the only countries shown that spent less than 1% of GDP on their militaries in 2025.
在排名末尾，墨西哥和卢森堡的军费开支分别仅占GDP的0.7%和0.9%。它们是所示国家中仅有的两个2025年军费开支占GDP比重低于1%的国家。
Overall, the data points to a broad-based rise in military spending across the OECD, with some of the la
总体而言，数据表明经合组织国家的军费开支普遍上升，其中一些国家的……